Prostaglandins, oxygen tension and smooth muscle tone

Prostaglandins and bronchial smooth muscle.

Smooth Muscle Tone

The objective of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms associated with the reciprocal relation between magnesium and calcium on vascular smooth muscle tone in bovine pulmonary artery and vein. Rapid removal of magnesium from Krebs-bicarbonate medium used to bathe isolated rings of precontracted artery or vein caused transient endotheliumand calciumdependent relaxation and cyclic GMP accumu...

Reflex regulation of airway smooth muscle tone.

Autonomic nerves in most mammalian species mediate both contractions and relaxations of airway smooth muscle. Cholinergic-parasympathetic nerves mediate contractions, whereas adrenergic-sympathetic and/or noncholinergic parasympathetic nerves mediate relaxations. Sympathetic-adrenergic innervation of human airway smooth muscle is sparse or nonexistent based on histological analyses and plays li...

Role of prostaglandins in bladder smooth muscle cell gene expression.

family of polypeptides were identified as positive regulators of urothelial proliferation. FGF-7 and FGF-10 were cloned from human urinary bladder and expressed as biologically active proteins in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli. Each recombinant (r) protein was engineered to contain a C-terminal histidine hexamer. Both rFGF-7-His and rFGF-10-His bound heparin with affinities similar to those ...

H2O2 increases production of constrictor prostaglandins in smooth muscle leading to enhanced arteriolar tone in Type 2 diabetic mice.

Our previous study showed that arteriolar tone is enhanced in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2-DM) due to an increased level of constrictor prostaglandins. We hypothesized that, in mice with T2-DM, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is involved in the increased synthesis of constrictor prostaglandins, hence enhanced basal tone in skeletal muscle arterioles. Isolated, pressurized gracilis muscle arteriole...